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The Hippodrome of Constantinople

TheOtherTour by TheOtherTour
February 12, 2025
in Documentary, Istanbul Attractions, Istanbul Travel Blog, Istanbul Videos, WATCH
Reading Time: 7 mins read
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The Hippodrome of Constantinople, originally built by Septimius Severus and expanded by Constantine the Great, stands uniquely significant as a monumental Roman structure that became the vibrant center of Byzantine social and imperial life, where grand chariot races, public gatherings, and displays of power showcased Constantinople’s transformation from a regional city to the illustrious capital of a new empire.

Table of Contents

Introduction to the Hippodrome

Within the bustling heart of Istanbul lies a space steeped in echoes of a bygone empire. The Hippodrome of Constantinople, commissioned by Emperor Septimus Severus and later transformed by Constantine the Great, was the vibrant center of Byzantine life for centuries. It was here that thrilling chariot races unfolded, emperors interacted with their people, and grand spectacles captivated the masses.

The beating heart of Constantinople

The Hippodrome of Constantinople was a massive public arena that served as the heart of Byzantine social and sporting life for centuries. Built in Roman times, the Hippodrome continued to be a focal point of the city throughout the Byzantine and Ottoman eras. Today, the site of the Hippodrome is known as Sultanahmet Square, a popular tourist destination that still hints at the arena’s former grandeur.

A History Steeped in Spectacle

The Hippodrome’s construction began in the early 2nd century AD under the Roman emperor Septimius Severus. Inspired by the Circus Maximus in Rome, the Hippodrome was a horseshoe-shaped stadium designed to accommodate tens of thousands of spectators. The arena became a center for chariot racing, a sport that captured the hearts of Romans and Byzantines alike.

Image Credit: Istanbul Tour Studio

In addition to chariot racing, the Hippodrome hosted a variety of other events, including gladiatorial contests, athletic competitions, and military parades. The arena was also a venue for public executions and riots. The Hippodrome’s significance extended beyond entertainment; it was a place where the Byzantine emperors could connect with their subjects and display their power and wealth.

A Legacy that Endures

The Hippodrome remained a vital part of Constantinople for centuries. It was a place for celebration and spectacle, but also a stage for political drama. The Nika Revolt of 532 AD, for example, began with chariot racing fans rioting in the Hippodrome. The revolt escalated into a major challenge to the Byzantine emperor Justinian I.

 

The Hippodrome’s significance declined after Constantinople’s fall to the Ottomans in 1453, though it was already in disrepair following the 1204 Crusader sack. While some Ottoman structures may have repurposed Byzantine stones, there’s limited evidence specifically linking Hippodrome stones to mosque construction. Today, only a few remnants remain above ground, with some foundations preserved below. The Obelisk of Theodosius, Serpentine Column, and Walled Obelisk still stand in Sultanahmet Square, reminding visitors of the Hippodrome’s past.

Virtual Tour of the Hippodrome

To delve deeper into the Hippodrome’s enthralling past, we embark on a captivating journey guided by “The History of Byzantium Podcast” and their insightful video series, “The Hippodrome of Constantinople.”

Part 1: The Stage is Set

We are introduced to the Hippodrome’s origins, its monumental scale, and its pivotal role in Byzantine society. The central dividing barrier, known as the spina, once teemed with magnificent statues and obelisks, showcasing the Empire’s power and prestige.

The Hippodrome was far more than an arena. It was here that emperors held direct, often tense, interactions with the crowds from the kathisma (the Imperial box). Military triumphs were celebrated, executions took place, and the very pulse of Byzantine life thrummed within its walls.

kathisma – The Imperial Box

While much of the Hippodrome’s grandeur has succumbed to time, it remains a poignant landmark in Istanbul‘s Sultanahmet Square. The rough outline of the racetrack is still visible, and fragments of the once-glorious site offer tantalizing glimpses of the past.

Part 2: The Obelisk of Theodosius – Power and Conflicting Tales

We uncover the secrets behind the most prominent monument adorning the Hippodrome. An incredible combination of ancient Egyptian craftsmanship and Byzantine ambition, the Obelisk of Theodosius tells a captivating dual story. The original obelisk was carved in the 15th century BC under Pharaoh Thutmosis III, while its intricate marble base vividly depicts scenes of imperial dominance during the reign of Theodosius. You did the math, right? It is approximately 3,500 years old!

Remarkably, this monument features conflicting inscriptions in Latin and Greek. Each tells a different tale of the obelisk’s journey to Constantinople and its submission to Theodosius. This intriguing discrepancy adds a layer of historical mystery, encouraging us to ponder the motives behind this unique form of political messaging.

Part 3: The Serpent Column – Ancient Symbolism and Talismanic Power

The Serpent Column, believed to have been a sacred relic from the Greek victory over the Persians at Delphi, is the oldest surviving monument in the Spina (the middle barrier of the racecourse). Its intertwining snakes hold uncertain symbolism, possibly connected to Apollo’s dominion over serpents. Though missing its ornate snake heads, the column still whispers of its enduring power. Byzantines believed it possessed talismanic properties, warding off venomous snakes or even curing their bites.

Part 4: The Masonry Obelisk and the Substructures of Power

We explore the final surviving Spina monument, a towering testament to Byzantine ingenuity. Though its origins remain uncertain, this obelisk likely replaced an earlier authentic Egyptian one. Despite its humble origins, this limestone structure was encased in bronze during the 10th century for both preservation and a dazzling display of power.

The video also reveals the often-overlooked structural marvel beneath the Hippodrome: the Sphendone. This network of vaults and buttresses formed the foundation for the racetrack, ensuring its stability amidst Istanbul‘s sloping landscape.

Exploring the Hippodrome Today

Today, visitors to Istanbul can still experience the awe-inspiring scale of the Hippodrome. Remnants of its monuments, like the Obelisk of Theodosius and the Serpent Column, stand in defiant contrast to the bustling modern city. For those seeking deeper knowledge, the Istanbul Archaeological Museum houses captivating fragments of the Hippodrome’s decorations. 

Contact us for guided tours

We have a team of hand-picked professional tour guides who can enhance your experience in Istanbul’s legendary Hippodrome.

Tags: Ancient CityArchaeologyArchitectureByzantine LegacyConstantinopleEuropean SideHistoric LandmarksIstanbul ToursSultanahmetTurkey Travel
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TheOtherTour

Established in 2011, TheOtherTour has evolved from offering alternative city tours in Istanbul to becoming a trusted travel agency that provides top-quality services and curated travel experiences throughout Turkey. With more than a decade of experience exploring the nooks and crannies of Istanbul, we delight ourselves in sharing the city's hidden gems, from underground art scenes to music schools and various intimate spaces. The focus is not just on showing you the sights but also on introducing you to the city's heartbeat, its people, and its unsung tales. We have tested and curated the best of what Turkey has to offer—be it boutique hotels, unique experiences, or cultural journeys. The company is committed to sustainable tourism, partnering with local artisans, guides, and businesses to offer an authentic experience that benefits communities as much as it delights travelers. Follow and join us for insider tips, exclusive reviews, and inspirational stories that will make your next journey truly unforgettable.

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Comments 2

  1. Ariana says:
    8 months ago

    Wow, what extensive take on this great site. Thank you for all your efforts. Love the Byzantine history.

    Reply
    • TheOtherTour says:
      8 months ago

      Glad you’re enjoying the articles about the Byzantine legacy. They are the unsung custodians of the Roman tradition and we love learning and sharing about their great empire.

      Reply

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